When the Anglicans, or Cavaliers, came from England to settle the southern colonies of
North America, they brought with them many of the same customs that they had formerly
used. Their ways, unlike those of the Puritans and Protestants settling the northern
colonies, were very feudalistic because of the true feudalistic society which they had
left in England. The Anglicans' feudalistic customs instituted in the New World affected
every aspect of the society, including the economy, politics, and social system.
The economy of the South was extremely feudalistic. Just as in a genuine feudal
society, the southern colonies had a mercantile economy while the rest of the colonies
were industrialized. A mercantile economy is one in which the majority of the working
population is made up of businessmen. More importantly however, in the South, only a small
number of people, the planter class, actually owned all the land, and the rest of the
population lived on it. Land meant power, and the individuals who had had land and power
in England also had it in America. Because feudalism cannot exist without abundant free
labor, those of the powerful planter class had many serfs. The feudal hierarchical
arrangement of the southern colonies' economy was simply the Anglicans' way of
transporting their previous feudal culture to the New World.
Social aspects of the southern colonies, too, closely resembled feudalistic ways. In
England, the Anglicans were a society of classes and hierarchy; however in the New World,
a Democracy was established, thus abolishing classes. Because of these new rules, the
southern colonists became a society of deference, or internalized class system. An
internal class system is one that is not in the form of a law, but is implied among those
of such a society. People respected whom they were taught were their "betters",
and ignored or degraded those below them. The planter class was also very religiously
conservative. They were Anglicans, the lower class was either Baptists or Methodists, and
there was no intention of changing that. Such religious conservatism was also found in
Feudal society, and it signified stagnant, anti-progressive culture. The South's strong
military tradition was also similar to that of Feudalism in the sense that nearly everyone
who was physically capable would join the military. Finally, the planter class was very
anti-Capitalist. This meant they wanted rank to be based on land and money, not on merit,
as was the surrounding Capitalist culture. The planter class simply did not want to be
forced to become businessmen in order to achieve greatness, and they liked the idea of
material wealth bringing power. Feudalism showed extremely strong signs of existence in
the South's social system.
Politics in the South were also quite feudalistic. Although there was not a well
developed political culture, it was apparent that people did not favor independent rule as
they did up north. People liked having a central ruler govern their community. Each
southern colony had a colonial legislature and a royal governor from England, which, of
course, were dominated by the planter class. Few well-known rulers emerged from the South,
however, because of the feudalistic desire there to maintain the status quo. All remained
stagnant, and no new political ideas developed.
In the New World, the Cavaliers from England established a very feudalistic society.
They chose to re-establish the type of culture which they had left in England, and thus
became the stagnant culture they were until the late 1800s. Culture is a very powerful
phenomenon; those who adapt to a specific culture will then try to recreate it in a new
and unfamiliar place, just as the Anglicans did in the New World.
